Decarbonizing the Supply Chain Corporate Path to Lower-Carbon Logistics

Freight transport produces about 3.2 gigatons of direct $\text{CO}_2$ annually accounting for more than 40% of all transport emissions. Road freight represents the largest share of trade-related transport emissions, a proportion expected to reach ~56% by 2050 if current trends persist. Because fuel combustion drives over 90% of a diesel truck’s life-cycle emissions, fuel selection is the primary lever for decarbonization. This whitepaper provides a well-to-wheel (WTW) carbon intensity evaluation across alternative fuels ($\text{CO}_2\text{e}$ per ton-kilometer), outlines adoption barriers, and presents a strategic corporate framework for deploying targeted fuel pathways across distinct regional networks and transport duty cycles.